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    • Ronson J. Shamoun, ESQ., LL.M.
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  • Home
  • About
    • Ronson J. Shamoun, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Chandara Diep, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Joseph Cole, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Devon J. Arabo, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Lauren Suarez, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Daniel Huynh, Esq., LL.M.
    • Christopher Engelmann, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Leslie Miranda, Esq., LL.M.
    • Brian M. Malloy, Esq.
    • Steve S. Mattia, Esq.
    • Sam Imandoust, ESQ., LL.M
    • Kaveh Imandoust, JD, MBT, CPA
    • Andrea Cisneros Valdez, Esq., LL.M.
    • Martin Schainbaum, ESQ., LL.M.
    • Dod Ghassemkhani, ESQ.
    • Vincent Renda, Esq.
    • Pedro Bernal, Esq.
    • Melanie M. Shamoun
    • Sandie Portilla
    • Renae Arabo
    • Sabri P. Shamoun
    • Hilary Dargavell
    • Lupita C. Torres
    • Jewell Cornejo
    • Kesia Belford
    • Remy Hogan
    • Judith Jeremie
    • Marley Smith-Peters
    • Melanie Chan
    • Tanner DeMera
    • Charles Ecker
    • Anna Gurr
    • Asia Smith
  • Practices
    • ERTC – Call Us Before It’s Too Late!
    • Tax
      • IRS TAX MATTERS
        • IRS Appeals
          • IRS Appeals Process
          • Contesting an IRS Levy
          • Why Retain RJS LAW for IRS Appeals
          • 4 Tips For Navigating The IRS Rapid Appeals Process
        • IRS AUDITS
          • IRS Correspondence Audits
          • What are IRS Field Audits?
          • Initial IRS Compliance Center Audits
          • IRS Office Audits
          • What happens in an IRS Audit?
          • Taxpayer Rights Under IRS Publication 1
          • IRS Warns Taxpayers About Scam
        • NOTICES
          • IRS Notices
          • IRS Letters
          • FTB Notices
          • Avisos en Español
        • IRS Collections
          • Avoiding and Eliminating IRS Tax Liens
          • Collection Due Process Hearing
          • CP 501 – IRS Notice
          • Failure to file a tax return: What happens?
          • How the IRS calculates interest
          • How to get a tax levy released
          • ACS – Automated Collection System
          • IRS Collections Process
          • IRS Interest Abatement
          • IRS Revenue Officers
          • Jeopardy Assessments and Jeopardy Levies
          • National Tax Agencies
          • RJS LAW Approach to Collections
          • IRS Statute of Limitations on Collections
          • Streamlined Installment Agreements
          • Tax Penalty Abatement
          • Taxpayer Assistance Orders
        • IRS Payroll Tax
          • Independent Contractor Reclassification Audits
          • IRS Forms 940 and 941
          • IRS Trust Fund Interviews
          • Payroll Tax Liability Payment Options
          • Trust Fund Recovery Penalties
        • IRS Wealth Squad
        • Offer in Compromise & Tax Settlements
          • OVERVIEW OF OFFER IN COMPROMISE PROCESS
          • The Offer in Compromise Process
          • Appealing an Offer in Compromise
          • How does the IRS evaluate an Offer in Compromise
          • Offer in Compromise and Dissipated Assets
          • Offer in Compromise Requirements
          • Pros and Cons of an Offer in Compromise
          • Why Choose RJS LAW?
          • Offer in Compromise Alternatives
          • Actual IRS Offer in Compromise Results
      • STATE TAX MATTERS
        • EDD California Payroll Tax Lawyer
          • EDD Investigations
          • EDD Collections – Liens, Levies, and Garnishments
        • CDTFA – California Sales Tax
          • California Sales Tax Appeals
          • California Sales Tax Audits
          • California Department Of Tax And Fee Administration – CDTFA
        • California State Tax Matters – California Franchise Tax Board | FTB | EDD
          • California Residency Audits
          • Discharging State Income Taxes in Bankruptcy
          • State Tax Practice – Outside of California
      • CRIMINAL TAX ISSUES
        • Criminal Investigation Division
        • IRS Criminal Investigation Division Tactics
        • Criminal Tax Defense – Tax Crimes
        • Currency Transaction Records & Suspicious Activity Reports
        • IRS Methods of Proof: Tax Fraud and Evasion
        • Methods IRS Agents Use to Locate Assets
        • IRS Special Agent Visits
        • Are You a Criminal Investigation Target?
        • Criminal Tax Attorney vs. White Collar Defense
      • CORPORATE TAXES
      • TAX COURT LITIGATION
      • Innocent Spouse Relief
    • International Tax
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    • Trust Litigation
    • Trust, Estate & Probate Litigation
    • Trust & Estate Administration
    • Probate
    • Bankruptcy
    • Civil Litigation
    • Criminal Defense
    • Accidents & Injury
    • Corporate & Transactional
    • Private Wealth Services
    • Real Estate Law
      • Landlord Tenant Law
    • Employment Law
  • Tax Institute
    • 8th Annual USD School of Law – RJS LAW Tax Controversy Institute – July 28th, 2023
    • 7th Annual USD School of Law – RJS LAW Tax Controversy Institute – July 15th 2022
    • 6th Annual USD School of Law – RJS LAW Tax Controversy Institute
    • 5th Annual USD School of Law – RJS LAW Tax Controversy Institute
    • 4th Annual USD School of Law – RJS LAW Tax Controversy Institute
  • Testimonials
  • Giving
    • Giving
    • RJS Law Donates Billboard to the Girl Scouts
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    • SD50 Extraordinary Leadership
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Form 4180

Form 4180The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) does not come calling from the moment a business falls behind on its tax obligations. However, failure to pay payroll taxes will initiate a process that often ends with the assessment of a Trust Fund Recovery Penalty (TFRP), or a penalty imposed directly on responsible persons that willfully fail to make the necessary deposits.

Whether an individual is considered to be a “responsible person” for the purposes of the TFRP assessment is one of the major determinations made during this process. A responsible person can be an officer or employee of a corporation, a member or employee of a partnership, a corporate director or shareholder, a member of a board of trustees of a nonprofit organization, any person with authority and control over funds to direct their disbursement, and even another corporation or third party payer. The wide net cast by the IRS creates an incentive to follow the appropriate withholding procedures with respect to employment taxes, but it also may create some uncertainty as to who is potentially at risk. See Internal Revenue Service, Employment Taxes and the Trust Fund Recovery Penalty (TFRP), available at https://www.irs.gov/irm/part5/irm_05-017-007).

The “responsible person” determination is made by way of a formal interview process, during which interviewers will fill out Form 4180, Report of Interview with Individual Relative to Trust Fund Recovery Penalty or Personal Liability for Excise Taxes. Interviewers will seek to determine whether the person in question is a “responsible person” for TFRP purposes, or someone without the authority to make business decisions, e.g. a bookkeeper ordered by another to hold off on satisfying tax obligations. Questions will include whether the interviewee determined financial policy for the business, authorized payments of bills, opened or closed bank accounts, guaranteed or co-signed loans, signed checks, authorized payroll, authorized federal tax deposits, prepared payroll tax returns, or hired or fired employees. Internal Revenue Service, Form 4180, available at https://www.irs.gov/irm/part5/irm_05-007-004r#idm140369986567776.

Interviewees faced with a Form 4180 situation should be prepared for the interview by obtaining necessary documentation that will support a conclusive answers to the questions mentioned above. Given that these questions are standard in any Form 4180 interview, they will almost certainly be asked. That said, there is room on the form for additional information relating to that particular interviewee, so interviewees should be prepared to discuss any mitigating information with the interviewer, and urge the latter to make notations accordingly.

______________________________________________________________________
Please keep in mind the information and advice presented in this blog is not intended to be used as formal legal advice. Contact a tax professional for personalized tax advice pertaining to your specific situation. While we try and answer all parts of the question when we write our blogs, sometimes there may be some left unanswered. If you have any questions about your problems with the IRS, SBOE, FTB, or BOE, or tax law in general, call RJS Law at (619) 595-1655.

Filed Under: How-To Legal Advice, IRS Forms Explained Tagged With: firm 4180, form 4180 explanation, form irs 4180, irs form, irs form 4180

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